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Kutshanje, uMphathiswa wezoShishino kunye nobuChwepheshe boLwazi kunye namanye amasebe amathathu ngokudibeneyo akhuphe "Iimbono eziKhokelayo ngokuKhuthaza uPhuhliso oluPhezulu loShishino lwentsimbi kunye neNsimbi"."Iimbono" zibeka phambili ukuba ngo-2025, ishishini lentsimbi kunye nentsimbi liza kwenza ipateni yophuhliso oluphezulu olunesakhiwo esinengqiqo, ukubonelela ngezixhobo ezizinzileyo, iteknoloji ephezulu kunye nezixhobo, uphawu olubalaseleyo, umgangatho ophezulu wobukrelekrele, ukhuphiswano oluqinileyo lwehlabathi. , eluhlaza, i-carbon ephantsi kunye nophuhliso oluzinzileyo..

"Isicwangciso seMinyaka emiHlanu ye-14" lixesha elibalulekileyo kuphuhliso oluphezulu lweshishini lezinto ezibonakalayo.Ngo-2021, ukusebenza ngokubanzi kweshishini lensimbi kuya kuba kuhle, kwaye inzuzo iya kufikelela kwinqanaba eliphezulu kwimbali, ibeka isiseko esihle sophuhliso oluphezulu lweshishini.Kwi-2022, ejongene nobunzima kunye nemingeni, imboni yensimbi kufuneka igxininise ekwenzeni inkqubela ngelixa igcina uzinzo, kwaye ikhawuleze isantya sophuhliso oluphezulu ngokuhambelana nezikhokelo ze "Izimvo".

Ukukhawulezisa umgangatho kunye nophuculo olusebenzayo

Ngo-2021, ngenxa yemfuno eyomeleleyo yemarike, ishishini lentsimbi kunye nentsimbi lichumile.Ingeniso yokusebenza eqokelelweyo yamashishini angundoqo amakhulu kunye naphakathi kunye nentsimbi kunye nentsimbi ngo-2021 yi-6.93 yetriliyoni ye-yuan, ukunyuka konyaka-ngonyaka kwe-32.7%;iyonke inzuzo eqokelelweyo yi-352.4 yeebhiliyoni zeeyuan, ukunyuka konyaka-ngonyaka ngama-59.7%;inzuzo yokuthengisa Izinga lifikelele kwi-5.08%, ukunyuka kwepesenti ze-0.85 zamanqaku ukusuka kwi-2020.

Ngokubhekiselele kwindlela yokufunwa kwentsimbi ngo-2022, i-China Iron and Steel Association iqikelela ukuba imfuno yentsimbi iyonke kulindeleke ukuba ifane naleyo ngo-2021. iya kuncipha kancinane ngo-2022. Ngokubhekiselele kumashishini, imfuno yentsimbi kumashishini afana noomatshini, iimoto, ukwakhiwa kweenqanawa, izixhobo zasekhaya, oololiwe, iibhayisekile, kunye nezithuthuthu zigcine ukukhula, kodwa imfuno yentsimbi kumashishini afana nokwakha, amandla, izikhongozeli, kunye neemveliso zehardware zinqabile.

Nangona ezi ziqikelelo zingasentla zahlukile, kuqinisekile ukuba, ebusweni bemeko entsha kwinqanaba elitsha lophuhliso olukumgangatho ophezulu, imfuno yemveliso enkulu yempahla ekrwada efana nentsimbi, i-aluminiyam ye-electrolytic, kunye nesamente kwilizwe lam. ukufikelela ngokuthe ngcembe okanye ukusondela kwixesha leqonga lencopho, kwaye imfuno yesantya esikhulu kunye nobungakanani boKwandiswa kwesantya sithande ukuba buthathaka.Ngaphantsi kwemeko yokuba uxinzelelo lobuninzi obuphezulu lusephezulu, i-iron kunye ne-industry yensimbi kufuneka ikhuthaze ngakumbi ukuguqulwa kwesakhiwo sokubonelela, ukudibanisa nokuphucula iziphumo zokunciphisa ubuninzi, ukuzama ukugcina ulungelelwaniso phakathi kokunikezelwa kweemarike kunye nemfuno, kunye nokukhawuleza. ukuphuculwa komgangatho kunye nokusebenza kakuhle.

“Iimbono” zachaza ngokucacileyo ukuba ulawulo lobungakanani obupheleleyo kufuneka kuthotyelwe kulo.Ukwandisa imigaqo-nkqubo yokulawula amandla okuvelisa, ukuqinisa uhlengahlengiso lokwabiwa kwezinto, ukuphumeza ngokungqongqo ukutshintshwa kwamandla okuvelisa, ukuthintela ngokungqongqo amandla okuvelisa intsimbi entsha, ukuxhasa okuphakamileyo kunye nokuphelisa okungaphantsi, ukukhuthaza ukudityaniswa kwemimandla kunye nokulungelelaniswa kwakhona, kunye nokwandisa ukuxinwa kwezoshishino. .

Ngokutsho kokuthunyelwa kwe-China Iron and Steel Association, kulo nyaka, ishishini lentsimbi kunye nentsimbi kufuneka lithathe amanyathelo asebenzayo ukukhuthaza ukusebenza okuzinzileyo kweshishini lonke ngokuhambelana neemfuno "zokuzinzisa imveliso, ukuqinisekisa ukubonelela, ukulawula iindleko, ukuthintela umngcipheko. , ukuphucula umgangatho, kunye nokuzinzisa iinzuzo”.

Funa inkqubela ngozinzo, kwaye uzinze ngenkqubela phambili.U-Li Xinchuang, uNobhala weKomiti yeQela kunye neNjineli eyiNtloko ye-Metallurgical Industry Planning and Research Institute, uhlalutye ukuba ukukhuthaza uphuhliso oluphezulu lweshishini lentsimbi, ukuphucula ubuchule bokutsha ngumsebenzi ophambili, kunye nokulungiswa kwesakhiwo semizi-mveliso ngumsebenzi ophambili. .

Ugxininiso lwemfuno yentsimbi yelizwe lam luye lwatshintsha ngokuthe ngcembe ukusuka ku-“ikhona” ukuya “ngaba lulungile okanye alulunganga”.Ngelo xesha, kusekho malunga ne-70 yezigidi zeetoni ze-2 "ibhodi emfutshane" yezixhobo zetsimbi ezifuna ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe, ezifuna ukuba imboni yensimbi igxininise ekuboneleleni okutsha kunye nokuphucula ngokuqhubekayo umgangatho wokubonelela.“Izimvo” zithatha “uphuculo olumandla lwesakhono sokwenza izinto ezintsha” njengenjongo yokuqala yophuhliso lomgangatho ophezulu, kwaye zifuna amandla otyalo-mali lwe-R&D yoshishino azamele ukufikelela kwi-1.5%.Kwangaxeshanye, kuyimfuneko ukuphucula umgangatho wobukrelekrele kwaye ufezekise iinjongo ezintathu "yezinga lolawulo lwamanani lweenkqubo eziphambili lifikelela malunga ne-80%, izinga le-digitization lezixhobo zokuvelisa lifikelela kuma-55%, kunye nokusekwa kweepesenti ezingaphezu kwama-30. iifektri ezikrelekrele”.

Ukuze kukhuthazwe ukuphuculwa kunye nokulungelelaniswa kwesakhiwo soshishino lwentsimbi, "Iimbono" zibeka phambili iinjongo zophuhliso kunye nemisebenzi evela kwiinkalo ezine: ugxininiso lwezoshishino, ulwakhiwo lwenkqubo, ukulungiswa kwemizi-mveliso, kunye nepatheni yokubonelela, efuna ukufezekiswa kophuhliso lwe-agglomeration, kunye umlinganiselo wemveliso yentsimbi yesithando sombane kwimveliso yentsimbi ekrwada iyonke kufuneka yandiswe ukuya Ngaphezu kwe-15%, ubume boshishino bunengqiqo ngakumbi, kwaye unikezelo lwemarike kunye nemfuno igcina ibhalansi eguqukayo ekumgangatho ophezulu.

Isikhokelo esicwangcisiweyo sophuhliso lwe-steelmaking yesithando sombane

Ishishini lentsimbi lishishini elinokukhutshwa kwekhabhoni enkulu phakathi kweendidi ezingama-31 zokuvelisa.Ukujongana nemiqobo eqinile yezibonelelo, amandla kunye nendalo engqongileyo, kunye nomsebenzi onzima we-carbon peaking kunye nokungathathi hlangothi kwekhabhoni, imboni yensimbi kufuneka iphakame kumngeni kwaye ikhawuleze uphuhliso oluluhlaza kunye nekhabhoni ephantsi.

Ukujonga kwiinjongo ezichazwe kwi "Izimvo", kuyimfuneko ukwakha inkqubo yokubuyisela kwakhona izibonelelo zophuhliso oludibeneyo phakathi kwamashishini, ukugqiba i-ultra-low emission transformation engaphezu kwe-80% yomthamo wemveliso yentsimbi, ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla okubanzi kwi itoni yentsimbi ngaphezulu kwe-2%, kunye nokunciphisa ubungakanani bokusetyenziswa kobutyebi bamanzi ngaphezulu kwe-10%., ukuqinisekisa iincopho zekhabhoni ngo-2030.

"Ikhabhoni eluhlaza kunye nephantsi inyanzela amashishini entsimbi kunye nentsimbi ukuba aguqule kwaye aphucule ukuphucula ukhuphiswano lwawo olungundoqo."U-Lv Guixin, umhloli wenqanaba lokuqala kwiSebe lezoShishino lweMveliso yezoShishino kunye neTekhnoloji yoLwazi, ubonise ukuba i-carbon ephantsi kunye nophuhliso oluluhlaza lungundoqo kwinguqu, ukuphuculwa kunye nophuhliso oluphezulu lwentsimbi kunye nentsimbi. ishishini."Ulawulo" luya kutshintshela "kulawulo olubini" lokukhutshwa kwekhabhoni iyonke kunye nokuqina.Nabani na onokukhokela kuluhlaza kunye nekhabhoni ephantsi uya kubamba ukuphakama okuyalelayo kophuhliso.

Emva kokuba ilizwe lam liseke injongo yesicwangciso-qhinga “sekhabhoni ezimbini”, iKomidi yokuKhuthaza umsebenzi we-Iron kunye neNsimbi ephantsi kweCarbon yabakho.Amashishini aphambili kushishino athathe inkqenkqeza phambili ekucebiseni ithayimthebhile kunye nemephu yendlela yokunyuka kwekhabhoni kunye nokungathathi hlangothi kwekhabhoni.Iqela lamashishini esinyithi kunye nentsimbi ahlola i-low-carbon metallurgy.Impumelelo kwitekhnoloji entsha.

Ukuphuhliswa kwesithando sombane sombane-inkqubo yokwenza i-steelmaking esebenzisa i-scrap steel njengento ekrwada yindlela efanelekileyo yokukhuthaza uphuhliso oluluhlaza kunye nekhabhoni ephantsi yoshishino lwentsimbi kunye nentsimbi.Xa kuthelekiswa nenkqubo yenkqubo yokuguqula isithando somlilo ende, inkqubo yombane ecocekileyo ye-scrap yombane inokunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwe-carbon dioxide nge-70%, kwaye ukukhutshwa kokungcola kuyancipha kakhulu.Ukuchatshazelwa yizinto ezifana nemithombo yensimbi ye-scrap eyaneleyo, i-iron yelizwe lam kunye ne-industry yensimbi ilawulwa yienkqubo ezide (malunga ne-90%), zongezwa ngeenkqubo ezimfutshane (malunga ne-10%), ephantsi kakhulu kunomlinganiselo wehlabathi weenkqubo ezimfutshane.

Ngexesha “leSicwangciso seMinyaka emiHlanu ye-14”, ilizwe lam liza kukhuthaza usetyenziso olukumgangatho ophezulu nolusebenzayo lwezixhobo zentsimbi ezilahliweyo, kwaye likhokele uphuhliso lwentsimbi yesithando sombane ngendlela enocwangco."Iimbono" zicebise ukuba umlinganiselo wemveliso yentsimbi ye-EAF kwimveliso yentsimbi ekrwada iyonke kufuneka inyuswe ibe ngaphezu kwe-15%.Khuthaza amashishini afanelekileyo enkqubo yokuguquguqula iblast furnace-converter ixesha elide ukuguqula nokuphuhlisa isithando sombane esifutshane-inkqubo yokwenza intsimbi kwi-situ.

Ukukhuthazwa okunzulu kokuguqulwa kwe-ultra-low emission kwakhona yidabi elinzima elimele lilwe noshishino lwentsimbi.Kwiintsuku ezimbalwa ezidlulileyo, uWu Xianfeng, umhloli wenqanaba lokuqala kunye nosekela-mlawuli we-Atmospheric Environment Department ye-Ecology and Environment, wathi ngokwesicwangciso senguqu esingeniswe nguMphathiswa we-Ecology kunye nokusiNgqongileyo kwimimandla ebalulekileyo kunye namaphondo, Iyonke i-560 yezigidi zeetoni zemveliso yentsimbi ekrwada kunye nenguqu ye-ultra-low emission iya kugqitywa ekupheleni kuka-2022. Okwangoku, kuphela i-140 yezigidi zeetoni zomthamo wemveliso yentsimbi igqibe ukuguqulwa kwe-ultra-low emission yenkqubo yonke. kwaye lo msebenzi unzima ngokwentelekiso.

UWu Xianfeng ugxininise ukuba kuyimfuneko ukugqamisa amanqaku aphambili, ukukhangela inkqubela ngelixa ugcina uzinzo, kwaye ukhuthaze inguqu ye-ultra-low emission enemigangatho ephezulu.Iinkampani zentsimbi kunye nentsimbi kufuneka zihambelane nomgaqo wokuba ixesha lixhomekeke kumgangatho, kwaye ukhethe iteknoloji evuthiweyo, ezinzileyo kunye nethembekileyo.Kuyimfuneko ukugqamisa iindawo eziphambili kunye namakhonkco abalulekileyo, iindawo ezinoxinzelelo olukhulu lokuphucula imeko-bume ye-atmospheric kufuneka zikhawulezise inkqubela phambili, amashishini exesha elide kufuneka akhawulezise inkqubela phambili, kwaye amashishini amakhulu karhulumente kufuneka akhokele.Amashishini kufuneka aqhube izinto ezikhutshwayo ezisezantsi kakhulu kuyo yonke le nkqubo, inkqubo iyonke, kunye nomjikelo wobomi uphela, kwaye enze ifilosofi yoshishino kunye nemikhwa yemveliso.